Steady stream behavior can manifest in dramatically different ways, most notably through the distinction between laminar and turbulent regimes. Laminar stream is characterized by smooth, parallel layers of fluid – imagine honey flowing slowly and consistently. These layers maintain their order, with each layer sliding gracefully over the adjacen… Read More

The field of genetic modification utilizes a variety of carriers to introduce altered genetic material into target cells. These systems play a vital role in enabling precise gene editing and manipulation. Some common types of delivery vectors include viral particles, liposomes, and engineered nanoparticles. Each type possesses unique properties … Read More